如题

linux ps 命令的结果中 VSZ，RSS，STAT 的含义和大小

参数名 含义 单位
USER 进程所属用户
PID 进程ID
%CPU 进程占用CPU百分比
%MEM 进程占用内存百分比
VSZ 虚拟内存占用大小 单位：kb（killobytes）
RSS 实际内存占用大小 单位：kb（killobytes）
TTY 终端类型
STAT 进程状态
START 进程启动时刻
TIME 进程运行时长
COMMAND 启动进程的命令

按占用内存由高到低排序

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ps auxw|head -1;ps auxw|sort -rn -k4|head -40

查看 utomcat 运行的 java 程序

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ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep java | grep utomcat | sort -k4nr | head -10

示例

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[root@hjweb01 script]# ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep java | grep utomcat | sort -k4nr | head -10
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
utomcat  13545  1.6 14.4 3571532 562676 pts/1  Sl   13:31   0:45 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  13777  1.5 14.0 3565988 544356 pts/5  Sl   13:34   0:41 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  32454  0.3 13.8 3563932 535848 ?      Sl   10:21   0:54 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  22929  0.1 13.5 3593488 524296 ?      Sl   Jul24   2:02 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  13981  1.5 13.3 3563932 519680 pts/1  Sl   13:36   0:40 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  15263  0.1  6.6 3568036 259860 ?      Sl   Jul19  12:08 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

查看 elasticsearch 内存占用

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ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep elasticsearch | sort -k4nr | head -10

查看 php 进程内存占用情况

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ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep php-fpm | sort -k4nr | head -10

查看 utomcat 运行的 java 程序，同时程序目录带 pre

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ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep java | grep utomcat | grep pre | sort -k4nr | head -10

示例

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[root@hjweb01 script]# ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep java | grep utomcat | grep pre | sort -k4nr | head -10  
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
utomcat  21006 20.8  8.4 2923740 326200 pts/9  Sl   15:05   0:35 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -server -Xms350M -Xmx350M -Xss512k -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:+UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -Djava.awt.headless=true -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web2/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  20706 10.7  8.3 2923740 325332 pts/5  Sl   15:02   0:36 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -server -Xms350M -Xmx350M -Xss512k -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:+UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -Djava.awt.headless=true -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/webLoadBalance/web1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  21273 70.5  7.2 2823004 282968 pts/10 Sl   15:07   0:30 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -server -Xms250M -Xmx250M -Xss512k -XX:+AggressiveOpts -XX:+UseBiasedLocking -XX:+DisableExplicitGC -XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=15 -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+CMSParallelRemarkEnabled -XX:LargePageSizeInBytes=128m -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -Djava.awt.headless=true -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/pre/backend/schedule/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

# -v 是不显示匹配上的内容
[utomcat@hjweb01 ~]$ ps aux|head -1; ps aux | grep java | grep utomcat | grep -v pre | sort -k4nr | head -10
USER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
utomcat  24909  0.1 15.6 3635036 608380 ?      Sl   Jul25   4:00 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web2/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  24722  0.0 13.6 3571100 530576 ?      Sl   Jul25   2:36 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1 -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/webLoadBalance/web1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  15263  0.1  6.7 3568036 263564 ?      Sl   Jul19  15:52 /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/bin/bootstrap.jar:/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule -Dcatalina.home=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule -Djava.io.tmpdir=/home/utomcat/tomcat/backend/schedule/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
utomcat  31221  0.0  0.0 112708   972 pts/0    S+   14:22   0:00 grep --color=auto java

查看内存占用的更多参数

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ps -e -o 'pid,comm,args,pcpu,rsz,vsz,stime,user,uid' | grep java | sort -nrk5

rsz 为实际内存占用，示例如下

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[root@hjweb01 script]# ps -e -o 'pid,comm,args,pcpu,rsz,vsz,stime,user,uid' | grep java | sort -nrk5
13545 java            /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java   2.1 562456 3569484 13:31 utomcat 1001
13777 java            /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java   2.0 543828 3565988 13:34 utomcat 1001
32454 java            /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java   0.3 535532 3563932 10:21 utomcat 1001
22929 java            /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java   0.1 524296 3593488 Jul24 utomcat 1001
13981 java            /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java   2.1 519696 3563932 13:36 utomcat 1001
15263 java            /usr/jdk1.8.0_181/bin/java   0.1 259860 3568036 Jul19 utomcat 1001
 8454 java            /usr/local/cloudmonitor/jre  0.4 72252 2522436 Jul18 root        0
16264 grep            grep --color=auto java       0.0   972 112708 14:06 root         0

只看需要了解的参数，可调整参数列表

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ps -e -o 'pid,comm,rsz,rss,user' | grep java | sort -nrk5

示例

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[root@hjweb01 script]# ps -e -o 'pid,comm,rsz,rss,user' | grep java | sort -nrk5
 8454 java            72252 root
32454 java            535596 utomcat
22929 java            524296 utomcat
15263 java            259860 utomcat
13981 java            519680 utomcat
13777 java            544028 utomcat
13545 java            562440 utomcat

内存的整体使用情况

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[root@hjweb01 script]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           3790        2618         446           0         726         931
Swap:             0           0           0

top 命令查看内存使用情况

输入 top 之后，再按 m 键

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top - 16:39:15 up 7 days, 22:33, 12 users,  load average: 0.02, 0.05, 0.05
Tasks: 119 total,   1 running, 118 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  1.5 us,  0.3 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.2 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem : 75.6/3881692  [|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||                         ]
KiB Swap:  0.0/0        [                                                                                                    ]

  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
 8454 root      20   0 2522436  72500   2724 S   1.3  1.9  49:36.58 java                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
14569 unginx    20   0  341748  17380   3332 S   0.7  0.4   0:13.04 php-fpm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
  574 unginx    20   0  342432  15616   3400 S   0.3  0.4   0:16.23 php-fpm                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
12413 root      20   0  150832   3112   1724 S   0.3  0.1   0:00.28 sshd                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
28174 root      20   0  157748   2196   1540 R   0.3  0.1   0:00.01 top                   
...